Rock permeability evolution during cyclic loading and colloid migration after saturation and drying
Abstract view|166|times PDF download|81|times
Abstract
The study of the influence of cyclic loading on the permeability of rocks has been conducted for a long time. Despite the extensive research database, the actual reasons for the decrease in permeability during loading have not been fully revealed. One of these reasons, as described in the research, is the migration of colloids. This paper presents the findings of a study on colloid migration as one of the causes of permeability degradation in porous rocks under cyclic loading. Permeability is measured by injecting nitrogen at a constant pressure. The cyclic loading program is designed to eliminate the effects of residual deformations, creep, and gas slippage. Direct and reverse nitrogen blowings with increased injection pressure were performed between loading cycles. These blowings promote colloidal movement within the porous medium, leading to the blocking of pore throats and changes in permeability. A notable aspect of this work is that cyclic testing was performed both before and after the saturation and drying procedure. Stuck colloids that could not be moved by blowing are mobilized during saturation and drying. Comparative tests of cores after saturation and drying confirm the effect of colloid migration on permeability and enable the examination of whether plastic deformations caused permeability degradation in previous loading cycles. Additionally, it was observed that when saturated, new colloids can detach due to the Rehbinder effect, significantly reducing permeability.
Document Type: Original article
Cited as: Kozhevnikov, E., Turbakov, M., Riabokon, E., Gladkikh, E., Guzev, M., Panteleeva, A., Ivanov, Z. Rock permeability evolution during cyclic loading and colloid migration after saturation and drying. Advances in Geo-Energy Research, 2024, 11(3): 208-219. https://doi.org/10.46690/ager.2024.03.05
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Almutairi, A., Saira, S., Wang, Y., et al. Effect of fines migration on oil recovery from carbonate rocks. Advances in Geo-Energy Research, 2023, 8(1): 61-70.
Anyim, K., Gan, Q. Fault zone exploitation in geothermal reservoirs: Production optimization, permeability evolution and induced seismicity. Advances in Geo-Energy Research, 2020, 4(1): 1-12.
Bedrikovetsky, P., Siqueira, F. D., Furtado, C. A., et al. Modified particle detachment model for colloidal transport in porous media. Transport in Porous Media, 2011, 86: 353-383.
Blöcher, G., Kluge, C., Milsch, H., et al. Permeability of matrix-fracture systems under mechanical loading-constraints from laboratory experiments and 3-D numerical modelling. Advances in Geosciences, 2019, 49: 95-104.
Chen, L., Zhang, D., Zhang, W., et al. Experimental investigation on post-Peak permeability evolution law of saturated sandstone under various cyclic loading-unloading and confining pressure. Water, 2022, 14(11): 1773.
Civan, F. Effective-Stress coefficients of porous rocks involving shocks and loading/unloading hysteresis. SPE Journal, 2021, 26(1): 44-67.
Deb, D., Chakma, S. Colloid and colloid-facilitated contaminant transport in subsurface ecosystem-a concise review. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 2022, 20: 6955-6988.
Gao, Y., Chen, M., Pang, H. Experimental investigations on elastoplastic deformation and permeability evolution of terrestrial Karamay oil sands at high temperatures and pressures. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 2020, 190: 107124.
Ge, J., Saira, Smith, B., et al. Laboratory comparison of tertiary N2, CH4, and CO2 injection into an Inland oil field sample. Fuel, 2022, 324: 124635.
Haghi, A. H., Chalaturnyk, R., Geiger, S. New semi-analytical insights into stress-dependent spontaneous imbibition and oil recovery in naturally fractured carbonate reservoirs. Water Resources Research, 2018, 54: 9605-9622.
Heller, R., Vermylen, J., Zoback, M. Experimental investigation of matrix permeability of gas shales. AAPG Bulletin, 2014, 98: 975-995.
Hofmann, H., Blöcher, G., Milsch, H., et al. Transmissivity of aligned and displaced tensile fractures in granitic rocks during cyclic loading. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 2016, 87: 69-84.
Hu, C., Agostini, F., Jia, Y. Porosity and permeability evolution with deviatoric stress of reservoir sandstone: Insights from triaxial compression tests and in situ compression CT. Geofluids, 2020, 2020: 6611079.
Kluge, C., Blöcher, G., Hofmann, H., et al. The stress-memory effect of fracture stiffness during cyclic loading in low-permeability sandstone. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 2021, 126: e2020JB021469.
Kozhevnikov, E., Riabokon, E., Turbakov, M. A model of reservoir permeability evolution during oil production. Energies, 2021, 14(9): 2695.
Kozhevnikov, E. V., Turbakov, M. S., Gladkikh, E. A., et al. Colloidal-induced permeability degradation assessment of porous media. Geotechnique Letters, 2022a, 12: 217-224.
Kozhevnikov, E. V., Turbakov, M. S., Gladkikh, E. A., et al. Colloid migration as a reason for porous sandstone permeability degradation during coreflooding. Energies, 2022b, 15(8): 2845.
Kozhevnikov, E. V., Turbakov, M. S., Riabokon, E. P., et al. Effect of effective pressure on the permeability of rocks based on well testing results. Energies, 2021, 14(8): 2306.
Kozhevnikov, E. V., Turbakov, M. S., Riabokon, E. P., et al. Apparent permeability evolution due to colloid migration under cyclic confining pressure: On the example of porous limestone. Transport in Porous Media, 2023, in press, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11242-023-01979-5.
Lei, G., Liao, Q., Lin, Q., et al. Stress dependent gas-water relative permeability in gas hydrates: A theoretical model. Advances in Geo-Energy Research, 2020, 4(3): 326-338.
Li, M., Xiao, W. L., Bernabé, Y., et al. Nonlinear effective pressure law for permeability. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 2014, 119: 302-318.
Liu, C., Yu, B., Zhang, D., et al. Experimental study on strain behavior and permeability evolution of sandstone under constant amplitude cyclic loading-unloading. Energy Science & Engineering, 2020, 8: 452-465.
Liu, W., Li, Y., Wang, B. Gas permeability of fractured sandstone/coal samples under variable confining pressure. Transport in Porous Media, 2010, 83: 333-347.
Mampallil, D., Eral, H. B. A review on suppression and utilization of the coffee-ring effect. Advances in Colloid and Interface Science, 2018, 252: 38-54.
Metwally, Y. M., Sondergeld, C. H. Measuring low permeabilities of gas sands and shale using a pressure transmission technique. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 2011, 48: 1135-1144.
Milsch, H., Hofmann, H., Blöcher, G. An experimental and numerical evaluation of continuous fracture permeability measurements during effective pressure cycles. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 2016, 89: 109-115.
Nolte, S., Fink, R., Krooss, B. M., et al. Simultaneous determination of the effective stress coefficients for permeability and volumetric strain on a tight sandstone. Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering, 2021, 95: 104186.
Raziperchikolaee, S. Impact of stress dependence of elastic moduli and poroelastic constants on earth surface uplift due to injection. Advances in Geo-Energy Research, 2023, 10(1): 56-64.
Riabokon, E., Gladkikh, E., Turbakov, M., et al. Effects of ultrasonic oscillations on permeability of rocks during the paraffinic oil flow. Geotechnique Letters, 2023, 13(3): 151-157.
Selvadurai, A. P. S., Głowacki, A. Permeability hysterisis of limestone during isotropic compression. Groundwater, 2008, 46: 113-119.
Siqueira, F. D., Yang, Y., Vaz, A., et al. Prediction of productivity decline in oil and gas wells due to fines migration: Laboratory and mathematical modelling. Paper SPE 171475 Presented at the SPE Asia Pacific Oil & Gas Conference and Exhibition, Adelaide, Australia, 14-16 October, 2014.
Stanton-Yonge, A., Mitchell, T. M., Meredith, P. G. The hydro-mechanical properties of fracture intersections: pressure-dependant permeability and effective stress law. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 2023, 128: e2022JB025516.
Torkzaban, S., Bradford, S. A., Vanderzalm, J. L., et al. Colloid release and clogging in porous media: Effects of solution ionic strength and flow velocity. Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, 2015, 181: 161-171.
Turbakov, M. S., Kozhevnikov, E. V., Riabokon, E. P., et al. Permeability evolution of porous sandstone in the initial period of oil production: Comparison of well test and coreflooding data. Energies, 2022, 15(17): 6137.
Vogler, D., Amann, F., Bayer, P., et al. Permeability evolution in natural fractures subject to cyclic loading and gouge formation. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering, 2016, 49: 3463-3479.
Wang, D., Qian, Q., Zhong, A., et al. Numerical modeling of micro-particle migration in channels. Advances in Geo-Energy Research, 2023, 10(2): 117-132.
Wang, W., Duan, X., Jia, Y., et al. Deformation characteristics, gas permeability and energy evolution of low-permeability sandstone under cyclic loading and unloading path. Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment, 2022, 81: 369.
Wu, Q., Tang, T., Zhao, Z., et al. Influence of micro-particles on gas hydrate formation kinetics: Potential application to methane storage and transportation. Advances in Geo-Energy Research, 2023, 10(3): 189-199.
Xin, T., Liang, B., Wang, J., et al. Experimental study on the evolution trend of the pore structure and the permeability of coal under cyclic loading and unloading. ACS Omega, 2021, 6(51): 35830-35843.
Yang, S., Hu, B. Creep and long-term permeability of a red sandstone subjected to cyclic loading after thermal treatments. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering, 2018, 51(1): 2981-3004.
Yang, S., Xu, P., Ranjith, P. G., et al. Evaluation of creep mechanical behavior of deep-buried marble under triaxial cyclic loading. Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 2015, 8(9): 6567-6582.
Zheng, J., Zheng, L., Liu, H. H., et al. Relationships between permeability, porosity and effective stress for low-permeability sedimentary rock. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 2015, 78: 304-318.
Zhou, Z., Zhang, J., Cai, X., et al. Permeability evolution of fractured rock subjected to cyclic axial load conditions. Geofluids, 2020, 2020: 4342514.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.46690/ager.2024.03.05
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2024 The Author(s)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.